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In 1949, when the National Government moved to Taiwan, it was urgent to establish a "national spirit education site" for Chinese culture. In the 1950s, President Chiang Kai-shek ordered Minister Zhang Qiyun of the Ministry of Education to plan the establishment. Thus, it was decided to build five cultural and educational institutions, including art, culture, and science, in the southern area of the Botanical Garden, using Chinese palace-style architectural design. These institutions included the History Museum, the Education Materials Museum, the Art Education Museum, the Science Education Museum, and the Education Radio Station, becoming symbols of the continuity of the Chinese legal tradition and the promotion of modern education. This building was originally named "National Taiwan Science Museum." In 1962, it was renamed "National Taiwan Science Education Museum." At that time, it was an important affiliated institution of the Ministry of Education for promoting science and social education in Taiwan. It launched a series of significant activities, including the "Science Exhibition," "Science Exhibition for Primary and Secondary Schools," "Taiwan International Science Exhibition," "National Invention and Innovation Exhibition," and the first "4D Sensory Theater" in the country, playing an important role in showcasing the achievements of science education in Taiwan. By creating a pleasant learning environment, it is hoped that the public will experience and consume through direct contact, applying the elements and concepts of beautiful design into their lives, even changing their lifestyles, and creating a better living environment. This will allow more people to understand the local and international development of crafts in Taiwan, and experience the art of craftsmanship and the dedication of skilled artisans.