In 1901 (the eighth year of the Guangxu reign), Bishop Wang Lingmu and Father Hang Ruo-jiang established a mission house in Douliu, marking the official introduction of Catholicism to the area. St. Mary's Cathedral is the origin of the church's establishment. Today, the church was rebuilt in 1953 under the leadership of Bishop Niu Huaiqing. The architecture adopts a Baroque style, with a tall dome forming its distinctive feature.