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This is Taiwan's oldest museum, which was established in 1899 under the name "Commodities Exhibition Hall of the Agriculture and Forestry Bureau of the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the Governor-General's Office of Taiwan." In 1908, "Taiwan Governor-General Museum" was officially established at the former lottery office behind the current Presidential Office. The site of the old Qing-era Tianhou Temple was demolished to construct the "Governor Noro and Director Hongo Memorial Hall," renamed the "Taiwan Provincial Museum" in 1945, renamed "Taiwan Provincial Museum" in 1949, and officially named the "National Taiwan Museum" in 1999.

Located in front of Taipei Train Station, this museum features Greek-style architecture with large pillars and walls decorated with floral and leaf motifs, a Roman dome, a main hall surrounded by 32 columns with intricate capitals, and a stained glass skylight beneath the dome. Sunlight filtering through the glass creates beautiful patterns on the floor. The building has endured the vicissitudes of Taiwan's history while preserving its original scale from the museum's founding. In addition to rotating exhibitions, the museum hosts various activities, welcoming students, teachers, families, and members of the public to participate.